Title : Early multidisciplinary approach in a newborn with giant congenital melanocytic nevus
Abstract:
Introduction: Giant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN) is a rare cutaneous malformation present at birth, characterized by extensive melanocytic proliferation. Its clinical relevance lies in the potential for malignant transformation and association with neurocutaneous melanosis, especially when multiple satellite lesions are present.
Case Report: A full-term male newborn presented with a large, dark-brown plaque covering the posterior trunk, gluteal region, and proximal lower limbs, accompanied by numerous smaller satellite nevi. The lesion involved more than 10% of the body surface area. Neurological examination was normal. Brain and spinal MRI ruled out leptomeningeal melanosis. The patient was evaluated by dermatology, plastic surgery, neurology, and psychology teams. A staged surgical plan was proposed, including serial excision and tissue ex...
Discussion: GCMN poses major diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its aesthetic, psychological, and oncologic implications. The lifetime melanoma risk ranges from 5–10%, with the highest incidence during early childhood. Early multidisciplinary management enables optimal imaging, surgical timing, and psychosocial support for the family.
Conclusion: Early recognition and multidisciplinary care are essential to reduce complications and improve outcomes in patients with GCMN. This case underscores the need for neuroimaging and continuous follow-up in congenital melanocytic lesions.
Keywords: congenital nevus, pediatric dermatology, neurocutaneous melanosis, melanoma risk, neonatal dermatology
