Allergic or contact dermatitis is a type of skin inflammation caused by an allergic reaction to certain substances or direct contact with irritants. This condition occurs when the immune system reacts to an allergen or irritant, resulting in symptoms such as redness, itching, swelling, and blisters. Common triggers include certain metals (like nickel), fragrances, cosmetics, plants (like poison ivy), and cleaning products. The inflammation can range from mild to severe, depending on the individual’s sensitivity to the trigger. Allergic or contact dermatitis is often diagnosed based on medical history, physical examination, and sometimes patch testing, which identifies specific allergens responsible for the reaction. Treatment typically involves avoiding the known trigger, using topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, and antihistamines to control itching. In severe cases, systemic medications or immunotherapy may be prescribed. Managing allergic or contact dermatitis involves identifying and avoiding allergens, maintaining skin hydration, and applying treatments to soothe the skin and reduce flare-ups.
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