Biologic drugs are novel therapeutic agents used to treat a variety of skin diseases in dermatology, including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and vitiligo. They are made from living cells and work by targeting and blocking specific molecules (cytokines) that are involved in the inflammatory skin diseases. Biologic drugs are becoming increasingly popular as they can be tailored to specific patients, and generally have fewer side effects than traditional treatments. Biologic drugs are highly specific and target a particular protein or gene involved in the molecular pathways and processes of certain skin diseases. They can be administered as topical or systemic injections, or creams, depending on the indication. Examples of biologics used in the dermatological setting include adalimumab for psoriasis, acitretin for psoriasis, and ustekinumab for atopic dermatitis. The advantages of biologics include a reduction in skin disease severity, better skin clearing, and fewer side effects than with traditional treatments. In addition, biologics provide a personalized approach to treatment as the dose and type of biologic therapy can be tailored to patients’ specific disease and genetics. Though biologics have numerous benefits, there are potential drawbacks. Some of these include the cost of these agents, which can be expensive, as well as the potential for serious side effects including infection, allergic reactions, and even cancer. Additionally, there is potential for drug-drug interactions with other medications a patient may be taking. Overall, biologics represent an exciting development in treating skin diseases and provide dermatologists with an individualized approach to treating their patients. With proper monitoring and careful consideration of potential risks, these agents can be used safely and effectively.
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