Nail discoloration

Nail discoloration is a common dermatological problem that can affect fingernails and toenails. It may appear as white spots or lines, yellowing, or a change in color of the nail. This can be caused by a variety of conditions, including injury, fungal infection, and metabolic disorders. Nail discoloration is often caused by trauma. Injury to the nail, such as stubbing a toe or dropping an object on the finger, will sometimes cause a streak of white, brown, or black in the nail. This injury is known as a "traumatic melanonychia" and is caused by the presence of melanin, the same pigment that is responsible for tanning skin. Fungal infections, such as onychomycosis, may also cause discoloration of the nails. Symptoms include a yellowish discoloration of the nails, thickening of the nails, and the presence of debris or a foul smell. Fungal infections of the nail may require treatment with antifungal creams or oral medications. In rare cases, metabolic disorders may also cause nail discoloration. For example, yellow nails can be associated with liver disease, and blue-gray nails may be associated with diabetes or kidney disorders. Treatment for nail discoloration depends on the underlying cause. Mild discoloration caused by trauma may improve without treatment. For fungal infections, antifungal creams or oral medications may be necessary. If a metabolic disorder is suspected, medical tests such as a liver function test or glucose tolerance test may be necessary to diagnose the disorder and provide treatment. In summary, nail discoloration can be caused by trauma, fungal infections, or metabolic disorders. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include antifungal medications or further medical testing. If you are concerned about nail discoloration, it is best to consult a dermatologist who can assess the cause and provide the best course of action.