Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer and can range from mild to life-threatening. Skin cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the skin divide and grow uncontrollably. It is the most common form of cancer in the U.S., with more than 3.5 million cases diagnosed each year. There are several types of skin cancer, including melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. All three types arise from the epidermis, the outermost layer of skin. Melanoma, the most deadly form of skin cancer, is typically caused by overexposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays or ultraviolet radiation from tanning beds, and forms when melanocytes, the cells that produce the pigment melanin, become cancerous. Basal cell carcinoma typically arises in areas of the skin that are frequently exposed to the sun and is typically slow-growing and rarely spreads to other parts of the body. Squamous cell carcinoma is less common than other forms of skin cancer, and typically appears as a scaly, red patch, often on the arms, legs, ears, and face. Early detection is key in treating skin cancer. Dermatologists often recommend monthly self-examinations and regular dermatologist appointments to look for changes in skin color or any new or suspicious lesions. If skin cancer is detected early, it is usually treatable. Treatment options may include topical medications, excisional surgery, radiation therapy, or phototherapy. Prevention is also important when it comes to skin cancer. The American Academy of Dermatology recommends that people protect their skin from the sun, wear sunscreen with at least an SPF of 30, and seek shade when the sun’s rays are at their strongest. Regular use of these measures can dramatically reduce the risk of developing skin cancer.